DIGITAL REPOSITORY
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

This article analyses the relationship between energy consumptionin industry and industrial productivity and the implications of this forsustainable development. To this end, it presents a matrix characterizingeconomies as: (i); converging or diverging in terms of energy consumptionper unit of value added, and (ii); catching up with or falling further ...

This article analyses changes in the structure and competitiveness ofthe Brazilian capital goods industry since the early 1990s and proposes aclassification within that industry based on the different industrial segmentsfrom which the demand for machinery and equipment derives. Althoughthis industry still accounts for a large share of manufacturing ...

This article defines the stages of development reached by industries that account for half of Brazil's total output and identifies the competitive challenges they face, including those associated with the country's industrial policy. Between 1980 and 1994, Brazilian industry experienced persistent macroeconomic instability as the country's trade ...

Propone una estrategia que comprende tres grandes líneas de acción: explorar las ventajas comparativas dinámicas de Brasil, fortalecer la competitivad interna y externa y llevar la lógica de la industrialización a otros sectores, tales como el agropecuario, los servicios funcionales y la minería, para lo cual detalla diversos instrumentos de política ...

This article analyses the reduction of labour costs as a factor which helps to raise the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. It first reviews non-wage labour costs, both for workers with permanent contracts and those with only temporary contracts, or with no contracts at all, in order to show the differences that exist in non-wage labour costs ...

This article attempts to explain how the innovation process is determined by factors external to the firm, whose productivity is calculated and analysed in terms of systemic innovation factors. To that end, it describes the internal innovation capabilities of firms, which explain variations in their productivity across sectors. The productivity of ...

Since the 1970s, Brazilian agriculture has undergone far-reaching changes and has played a major role in agricultural production worldwide. This article assesses the structural heterogeneity prevailing in Brazilian and United States agriculture by studying total factor productivity (TFP), which has increased in both economies, mainly through technologies ...