The widespread adoption of information and communications technology (ICT) has increased research on the link between such technology and economic growth. The use of ICT has a significant impact on growth, but studies tend to ignore the determinants of this use and the differing conditions across the companies, industries and countries that adopt them. In this study, we analyse the determinants of the differentiated impact of ICT on labour productivity growth in Mexican companies, using microdata from the ICT survey of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) and based on factor analysis and artificial neural network techniques. The results indicate that the strength of companies’ links with the external sector and their capacities (educational level of staff and organizational maturity) determine the impact of ICT on labour productivity in Mexico.