In October 2009 CELADE, together with the Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs and in the context of the National Transfer Accounts project, organised a meeting of experts in which certain government representatives, in particular from the five countries participating in the project, as well as those from different regional and international organisations, analyzed the consequences of population ageing on economic growth and the sustainability of Latin American transfer systems using information produced in the first phase of the project. This volume presents a selection of articles that were presented there, including work by professors Ronald Lee and Andrew Mason, as well as and the national teams in each of the countries participating in the project.